Coevolving Plasmids Drive Gene Circulation and Genome Plasticity in Host-Related Intracellular Micro organism
Plasmids are necessary in microbial evolution and adaptation to new environments. But, carrying a plasmid could be pricey, and long-term affiliation of plasmids with their hosts is poorly understood. Right here, we offer proof that the Chlamydiae, a phylum of strictly host-associated intracellular micro organism, have coevolved with their plasmids since their final widespread ancestor. Present chlamydial plasmids are amalgamations of at the least one ancestral plasmid and a bacteriophage.
We present that almost all of plasmid genes are additionally discovered on chromosomes of extant chlamydiae. Essentially the most conserved plasmid gene households are predominantly vertically inherited, whereas accent plasmid gene households present considerably elevated mobility.
We reconstructed the evolutionary historical past of plasmid gene content material of a whole bacterial phylum over a interval of round one billion years. Frequent horizontal gene switch and chromosomal integration occasions illustrate the pronounced impression of coevolution with these extrachromosomal components on bacterial genome dynamics in host-dependent microbes.
Plasmid Switch by Conjugation in Gram-Unfavorable Micro organism: From the Mobile to the Neighborhood Degree
Bacterial conjugation, additionally known as bacterial intercourse, is a serious horizontal gene switch mechanism by which DNA is transferred from a donor to a recipient bacterium by direct contact. Conjugation is universally conserved amongst micro organism and happens in a variety of environments (soil, plant surfaces, water, sewage, biofilms, and host-associated bacterial communities).
Inside these habitats, conjugation drives the speedy evolution and adaptation of bacterial strains by mediating the propagation of varied metabolic properties, together with symbiotic way of life, virulence, biofilm formation, resistance to heavy metals, and, most significantly, resistance to antibiotics.
These properties make conjugation a essentially necessary course of, and it’s thus the main target of intensive examine. Right here, we evaluate the important thing steps of plasmid switch by conjugation in Gram-negative micro organism, by following the life cycle of the F issue throughout its switch from the donor to the recipient cell. We additionally focus on our present data of the extent and impression of conjugation inside an environmentally and clinically related bacterial habitat, bacterial biofilms.
Use of critically necessary antimicrobial lessons early in life could adversely impression bacterial resistance profiles throughout grownup years: potential co-selection for plasmid-borne fluoroquinolone and macrolide resistance by way of extended-spectrum beta-lactam use in dairy cattle
The switch of antimicrobial resistance genes generally happens by way of vertical and horizontal gene switch, as such genes are sometimes discovered on the identical cell genetic aspect.
- This incidence can result in the co-selection of resistance to antimicrobials with out their software. Dairy cattle positioned within the southwestern United States had been enrolled in a matched-pair longitudinal examine to guage the results of a two-dose ceftiofur remedy for metritis on ranges of third-generation cephalosporin resistance amongst faecal Escherichia coli temporally.
- E. coli chosen for additional investigation had been remoted on selective media, harboured extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, fluoroquinolone, and macrolide resistance genes. This mix has beforehand been unreported; importantly, it included genes encoding for resistance to antibiotics that may solely be utilized in dairy cattle lower than 20 months of age.
- Fluoroquinolones, macrolides and third and higher technology cephalosporins are thought of critically necessary and highest precedence for human drugs by the World Well being Group.
A converging subset of soil bacterial taxa is permissive to the IncP-1 plasmid pKJK5 throughout a variety of soil copper contamination
Stressors like metals or antibiotics can have an effect on bacterial group permissiveness for plasmid uptake, however there’s little data about long-term results of such stressors on the evolution of group permissiveness. We assessed the impact of greater than 90 years of soil Cu contamination on bacterial group permissiveness (i.e. uptake capability) in the direction of a gfp-tagged IncP-1 plasmid (pKJK5) launched by way of an Escherichia coli donor.
Plasmid switch occasions from the donor to the recipient soil bacterial group had been quantified and transconjugants had been subsequently remoted by fluorescence activated cell sorting and recognized by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing.
Switch frequency of plasmid pKJK5 was diminished in bacterial communities extracted from extremely Cu contaminated (4526 mg kg-1) soil in comparison with corresponding communities extracted from reasonably (458 mg kg-1) Cu contaminated soil and a low Cu reference soil (15 mg kg-1).
The taxonomic composition of the transconjugal swimming pools confirmed exceptional similarities regardless of the diploma of soil Cu contamination and regardless of contrasting compositions of the extracted recipient communities and the unique soil communities.
Permissiveness assessed on the stage of particular person operational taxonomic models (OTUs; 16S rRNA gene 97% sequence similarity threshold) was solely barely affected by soil Cu stage and excessive replicate variability of OTU-level permissiveness indicated a job of stochastic occasions in IncP-1 plasmid switch or strain-to-strain permissiveness variability.
rmbiomed
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae cppC Protein (aa 1-205) |
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| VAng-Wyb2088-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2040 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Cryptic plasmid protein C, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_0463 Protein (aa 1-284) |
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| VAng-Wyb2210-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 4791.6 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0042 nucleotide-binding protein NGK_0463, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_0463 Protein (aa 1-284) |
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| VAng-Wyb2210-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3429.6 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0042 nucleotide-binding protein NGK_0463, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_0463 Protein (aa 1-284) |
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| VAng-Wyb2210-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2334 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0042 nucleotide-binding protein NGK_0463, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_0633 Protein (aa 1-259) |
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| VAng-Wyb2211-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 4594.8 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0246 protein NGK_0633, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_0633 Protein (aa 1-259) |
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| VAng-Wyb2211-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3289.2 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0246 protein NGK_0633, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_0633 Protein (aa 1-259) |
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| VAng-Wyb2211-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2236.8 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0246 protein NGK_0633, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_1136 Protein (aa 1-111) |
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| VAng-Wyb2213-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 3528 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0133 protein NGK_1136, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_1136 Protein (aa 1-111) |
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| VAng-Wyb2213-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2530.8 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0133 protein NGK_1136, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_1136 Protein (aa 1-111) |
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| VAng-Wyb2213-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 1730.4 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0133 protein NGK_1136, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_1225 Protein (aa 1-225) |
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| VAng-Wyb2214-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 4356 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0758 protein NGK_1225, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_1225 Protein (aa 1-225) |
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| VAng-Wyb2214-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3106.8 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0758 protein NGK_1225, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_1225 Protein (aa 1-225) |
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| VAng-Wyb2214-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2124 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0758 protein NGK_1225, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_1355 Protein (aa 1-182) |
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| VAng-Wyb2215-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 4047.6 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0301 protein NGK_1355, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_1355 Protein (aa 1-182) |
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| VAng-Wyb2215-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2895.6 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0301 protein NGK_1355, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_1355 Protein (aa 1-182) |
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| VAng-Wyb2215-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 1969.2 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0301 protein NGK_1355, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_1672 Protein (aa 1-197) |
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| VAng-Wyb2216-inquire | Creative Biolabs | inquire | Ask for price |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) Na (+)-translocating NADH-quinone reductase subunit E, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_2061 Protein (aa 1-148) |
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| VAng-Wyb2219-inquire | Creative Biolabs | inquire | Ask for price |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae UPF0756 membrane protein NGK_2061, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_2254 Protein (aa 1-115) |
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| VAng-Wyb2221-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 3555.6 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0102 protein NGK_2254, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_2254 Protein (aa 1-115) |
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| VAng-Wyb2221-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2545.2 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0102 protein NGK_2254, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_2254 Protein (aa 1-115) |
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| VAng-Wyb2221-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 1744.8 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0102 protein NGK_2254, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_1508 Protein (aa 1-242) |
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| VAng-Wyb2675-200gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 200 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2914.8 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) Probable transcriptional regulatory protein NGK_1508, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_1508 Protein (aa 1-242) |
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| VAng-Wyb2675-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3195.6 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) Probable transcriptional regulatory protein NGK_1508, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_1508 Protein (aa 1-242) |
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| VAng-Wyb2675-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2172 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) Probable transcriptional regulatory protein NGK_1508, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_0333 Protein (aa 1-273) |
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| VAng-Wyb2674-200gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 200 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3063.6 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) Putative phosphotransferase NGK_0333, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_0333 Protein (aa 1-273) |
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| VAng-Wyb2674-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3342 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) Putative phosphotransferase NGK_0333, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_0333 Protein (aa 1-273) |
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| VAng-Wyb2674-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2287.2 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) Putative phosphotransferase NGK_0333, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_0378 Protein (aa 1-60) |
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| VAng-Wyb2209-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 3148.8 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0434 protein NGK_0378, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_0378 Protein (aa 1-60) |
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| VAng-Wyb2209-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2264.4 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0434 protein NGK_0378, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_0378 Protein (aa 1-60) |
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| VAng-Wyb2209-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 1548 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0434 protein NGK_0378, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_1021 Protein (aa 1-91) |
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| VAng-Wyb2212-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 3387.6 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0250 protein NGK_1021, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_1021 Protein (aa 1-91) |
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| VAng-Wyb2212-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2432.4 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0250 protein NGK_1021, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_1021 Protein (aa 1-91) |
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| VAng-Wyb2212-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 1660.8 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) UPF0250 protein NGK_1021, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_2660 Protein (aa 1-73) |
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| VAng-Wyb2222-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 3247.2 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) Putative membrane protein insertion efficiency factor, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_2660 Protein (aa 1-73) |
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| VAng-Wyb2222-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2334 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) Putative membrane protein insertion efficiency factor, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae NGK_2660 Protein (aa 1-73) |
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| VAng-Wyb2222-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 1590 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) Putative membrane protein insertion efficiency factor, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae tsf Protein (aa 1-284) |
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| VAng-Wyb2849-200gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 200 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3112.8 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Elongation factor Ts, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae tsf Protein (aa 1-284) |
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| VAng-Wyb2849-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3408 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Elongation factor Ts, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae tsf Protein (aa 1-284) |
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| VAng-Wyb2849-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2337.6 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Elongation factor Ts, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae adk Protein (aa 1-215) |
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| VAng-Wyb2049-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 4286.4 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Adenylate kinase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae adk Protein (aa 1-215) |
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| VAng-Wyb2049-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3064.8 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Adenylate kinase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae adk Protein (aa 1-215) |
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| VAng-Wyb2049-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2096.4 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Adenylate kinase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae alr Protein (aa 1-352) |
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| VAng-Wyb2051-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 5269.2 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Alanine racemase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae alr Protein (aa 1-352) |
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| VAng-Wyb2051-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3766.8 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Alanine racemase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae alr Protein (aa 1-352) |
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| VAng-Wyb2051-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2572.8 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Alanine racemase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae cah Protein (aa 27-252) |
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| VAng-Wyb2078-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 4356 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Carbonic anhydrase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae cah Protein (aa 27-252) |
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| VAng-Wyb2078-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3106.8 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Carbonic anhydrase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae cah Protein (aa 27-252) |
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| VAng-Wyb2078-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2124 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Carbonic anhydrase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae fbp Protein (aa 23-330) |
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| VAng-Wyb2109-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 4959.6 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Major ferric iron-binding protein, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae fbp Protein (aa 23-330) |
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| VAng-Wyb2109-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3555.6 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Major ferric iron-binding protein, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae fbp Protein (aa 23-330) |
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| VAng-Wyb2109-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2419.2 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Major ferric iron-binding protein, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae fur Protein (aa 1-144) |
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| VAng-Wyb2122-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 3766.8 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Ferric uptake regulation protein, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae fur Protein (aa 1-144) |
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| VAng-Wyb2122-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2700 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Ferric uptake regulation protein, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae fur Protein (aa 1-144) |
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| VAng-Wyb2122-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 1843.2 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Ferric uptake regulation protein, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae iga Protein (aa 1-1532) |
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| VAng-Wyb2163-inquire | Creative Biolabs | inquire | Ask for price |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae IgA-specific serine endopeptidase autotransporter, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ndk Protein (aa 1-141) |
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| VAng-Wyb2208-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 3766.8 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) Nucleoside diphosphate kinase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ndk Protein (aa 1-141) |
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| VAng-Wyb2208-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2700 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) Nucleoside diphosphate kinase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ndk Protein (aa 1-141) |
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| VAng-Wyb2208-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 1843.2 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) Nucleoside diphosphate kinase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae orn Protein (aa 1-187) |
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| VAng-Wyb2254-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 4075.2 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Oligoribonuclease, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae orn Protein (aa 1-187) |
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| VAng-Wyb2254-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2910 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Oligoribonuclease, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae orn Protein (aa 1-187) |
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| VAng-Wyb2254-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 1983.6 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Oligoribonuclease, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae pgm Protein (aa 1-460) |
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| VAng-Wyb2264-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 6097.2 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Phosphoglucomutase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae pgm Protein (aa 1-460) |
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| VAng-Wyb2264-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 4356 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Phosphoglucomutase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae pgm Protein (aa 1-460) |
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| VAng-Wyb2264-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2966.4 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Phosphoglucomutase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae pip Protein (aa 1-310) |
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| VAng-Wyb2274-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 4959.6 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Proline iminopeptidase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae pip Protein (aa 1-310) |
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| VAng-Wyb2274-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3555.6 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Proline iminopeptidase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae pip Protein (aa 1-310) |
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| VAng-Wyb2274-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2419.2 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Proline iminopeptidase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae pnp Protein (aa 1-706) |
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| VAng-Wyb2278-inquire | Creative Biolabs | inquire | Ask for price |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain NCCP11945) Polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae psd Protein (aa 1-182) |
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| VAng-Wyb2286-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 4047.6 |
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Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase proenzyme, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae psd Protein (aa 1-182) |
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| VAng-Wyb2286-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2895.6 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase proenzyme, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae psd Protein (aa 1-182) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2286-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 1969.2 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase proenzyme, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae tex Protein (aa 1-476) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2413-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 6195.6 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Uncharacterized protein in region E, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae tex Protein (aa 1-476) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2413-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 4426.8 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Uncharacterized protein in region E, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae tex Protein (aa 1-476) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2413-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3008.4 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Uncharacterized protein in region E, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae tuf Protein (aa 1-394) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2429-1mgEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 1 mg (E. coli) | EUR 5577.6 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Elongation factor Tu, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae tuf Protein (aa 1-394) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2429-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3991.2 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Elongation factor Tu, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae tuf Protein (aa 1-394) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2429-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2713.2 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Elongation factor Tu, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae apt Protein (aa 1-188) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2455-200gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 200 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2650.8 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase, recombinant protein. |
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Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae apt Protein (aa 1-188) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2455-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2914.8 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae apt Protein (aa 1-188) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2455-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 1990.8 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae cmk Protein (aa 1-218) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2486-200gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 200 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2799.6 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Cytidylate kinase, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae cmk Protein (aa 1-218) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2486-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3079.2 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Cytidylate kinase, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae cmk Protein (aa 1-218) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2486-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2089.2 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Cytidylate kinase, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae def Protein (aa 1-167) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2504-200gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 200 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2799.6 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Peptide deformylase, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae def Protein (aa 1-167) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2504-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3276 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Peptide deformylase, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae def Protein (aa 1-167) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2504-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 1924.8 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Peptide deformylase, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae dxr Protein (aa 1-394) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2512-200gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 200 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3622.8 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae dxr Protein (aa 1-394) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2512-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 3986.4 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae dxr Protein (aa 1-394) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2512-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2716.8 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae pnp Protein (aa 1-707) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2736-inquire | Creative Biolabs | inquire | Ask for price |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Polyribonucleotide nucleotidyltransferase, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ppc Protein (aa 1-900) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2737-inquire | Creative Biolabs | inquire | Ask for price |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ppk Protein (aa 1-685) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2738-inquire | Creative Biolabs | inquire | Ask for price |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Polyphosphate kinase, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae frr Protein (aa 1-185) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2530-200gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 200 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2634 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Ribosome-recycling factor, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae frr Protein (aa 1-185) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2530-500gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 500 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2898 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Ribosome-recycling factor, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae frr Protein (aa 1-185) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2530-50gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 50 µg (E. coli) | EUR 1974 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Ribosome-recycling factor, recombinant protein. |
|||
Recombinant Neisseria Gonorrhoeae gmk Protein (aa 1-205) |
|||
| VAng-Wyb2562-200gEcoli | Creative Biolabs | 200 µg (E. coli) | EUR 2733.6 |
|
Description: Neisseria Gonorrhoeae (strain ATCC 700825 / FA 1090) Guanylate kinase, recombinant protein. |
|||
Plasmid Interactions Can Enhance Plasmid Persistence in Bacterial Populations
It’s obscure plasmid upkeep within the absence of choice and theoretical fashions predict the situations for plasmid persistence to be restricted. Plasmid-associated health prices lower bacterial competitivity, whereas imperfect partition permits the emergence of plasmid-free cells throughout cell division.
- Though plasmid conjugative switch permits mobility into plasmid-free cells, the speed of such occasions is mostly not excessive sufficient to make sure plasmid persistence. Experimental knowledge recommend a number of components that will broaden the situations favorable for plasmid upkeep, resembling compensatory mutations and accent genes that enable constructive choice.
- A lot of the earlier research give attention to micro organism that carry a single plasmid. Nevertheless, there’s growing proof that a number of plasmids inhabit the identical bacterial inhabitants and that interactions between them have an effect on their transmission and persistence.
- Right here, we adapt earlier mathematical fashions to incorporate a number of plasmids and carry out pc simulations to review how interactions amongst them have an effect on plasmid upkeep.
- We examined the contribution of various plasmid interplay parameters that impression three organic options: host health, conjugative switch and plasmid loss – which have an effect on plasmid persistence.
- The interplay affecting conjugation was studied within the contexts of intracellular and intercellular interactions, i.e., the plasmids work together when current in the identical cell or when in numerous cells, respectively. First, we examined the impact of every sort of interplay alone and concluded that solely interactions affecting health (epistasis) prevented plasmid extinction.
- Though not permitting plasmid upkeep, intracellular interactions growing conjugative efficiencies had a extra determinant impression in delaying extinction than the remaining parameters.
- Then, we allowed a number of interactions between plasmids and concluded that, in just a few instances, a mixed impact of (intracellular) interactions growing conjugation and health result in plasmid upkeep.
- Our outcomes present a hierarchy amongst these interplay parameters. These affecting health favor plasmid persistence greater than these affecting conjugative switch and lastly plasmid loss. These outcomes recommend that interactions between totally different plasmids can favor their persistence in bacterial communities.
100G Acrylamide |
|||
| NAT1014 | National Diagnostics | 100G | EUR 120 |
500G Acrylamide |
|||
| NAT1016 | National Diagnostics | 500G | EUR 261.6 |
1KG Acrylamide |
|||
| NAT1018 | National Diagnostics | 1KG | EUR 412.8 |
25G AquaPor LE |
|||
| NAT1020 | National Diagnostics | 25G | EUR 132 |
100G AquaPor LE GTAC |
|||
| NAT1022 | National Diagnostics | 100G | EUR 250.8 |
500G AquaPor LE GTAC |
|||
| NAT1024 | National Diagnostics | 500G | EUR 878.4 |
25G AquaPor ES |
|||
| NAT1026 | National Diagnostics | 25G | EUR 152.4 |
100G AquaPor ES |
|||
| NAT1028 | National Diagnostics | 100G | EUR 350.4 |
25G AquaPor LM |
|||
| NAT1030 | National Diagnostics | 25G | EUR 288 |
100G AquaPor LM |
|||
| NAT1032 | National Diagnostics | 100G | EUR 860.4 |
25G AquaPor HR |
|||
| NAT1034 | National Diagnostics | 25G | EUR 236.4 |
100G AquaPor HR |
|||
| NAT1036 | National Diagnostics | 100G | EUR 592.8 |
25G AquaPor 3:1 |
|||
| NAT1038 | National Diagnostics | 25G | EUR 250.8 |
100G AquaPor 3:1 |
|||
| NAT1040 | National Diagnostics | 100G | EUR 570 |
25G Bis (Methylene Bis-Acrylamide) |
|||
| NAT1042 | National Diagnostics | 25G | EUR 100.8 |
25G DATD Ultrapure |
|||
| NAT1044 | National Diagnostics | 25G | EUR 168 |
250G Glycine |
|||
| NAT1046 | National Diagnostics | 250G | EUR 94.8 |
1KG Glycine Ultrapure |
|||
| NAT1048 | National Diagnostics | 1KG | EUR 128.4 |
250G Tris |
|||
| NAT1050 | National Diagnostics | 250G | EUR 102 |
1KG Tris Ultrapure |
|||
| NAT1052 | National Diagnostics | 1KG | EUR 177.6 |
100G Tricine |
|||
| NAT1054 | National Diagnostics | 100G | EUR 120 |
100G Ion Exchange Resin (mixed bed) |
|||
| NAT1056 | National Diagnostics | 100G | EUR 96 |
25G Riboflavin |
|||
| NAT1058 | National Diagnostics | 25G | EUR 96 |
25ML TEMED |
|||
| NAT1060 | National Diagnostics | 25ML | EUR 99.6 |
25G Ammonium Persulfate |
|||
| NAT1062 | National Diagnostics | 25G | EUR 96 |
100G Ammonium Persulfate |
|||
| NAT1064 | National Diagnostics | 100G | EUR 118.8 |
1G Dithiothreitol (DTT) |
|||
| NAT1066 | National Diagnostics | 1G | EUR 103.2 |
5G Dithiothreitol (DTT) |
|||
| NAT1068 | National Diagnostics | 5G | EUR 183.6 |
50ML 2-Mercaptoethanol |
|||
| NAT1070 | National Diagnostics | 50ML | EUR 112.8 |
100G SDS Ultrapure |
|||
| NAT1072 | National Diagnostics | 100G | EUR 111.6 |
1KG SDS Ultrapure |
|||
| NAT1074 | National Diagnostics | 1KG | EUR 457.2 |
250G Urea |
|||
| NAT1076 | National Diagnostics | 250G | EUR 98.4 |
1KG Urea |
|||
| NAT1078 | National Diagnostics | 1KG | EUR 138 |
450ML Glycerol Ultrapure |
|||
| NAT1080 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 132 |
200ML Tween 20 Ultrapure |
|||
| NAT1082 | National Diagnostics | 200ML | EUR 132 |
1L Tween 20 |
|||
| NAT1084 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 169.2 |
200ML Formamide |
|||
| NAT1086 | National Diagnostics | 200ML | EUR 111.6 |
500ML Boric Acid |
|||
| NAT1088 | National Diagnostics | 500ML | EUR 103.2 |
100G EDTA |
|||
| NAT1090 | National Diagnostics | 100G | EUR 94.8 |
500G EDTA |
|||
| NAT1092 | National Diagnostics | 500G | EUR 177.6 |
GelDry Film 11 X 12 cm |
|||
| NAT1094 | National Diagnostics | PK50 | EUR 100.8 |
25ML Formamide CE |
|||
| NAT1096 | National Diagnostics | 25ML | Ask for price |
25ML Glass Bond |
|||
| NAT1098 | National Diagnostics | 25ML | EUR 158.4 |
450ML Glass Free |
|||
| NAT1100 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 196.8 |
GelDry Film 22.5 X 22.5 cm |
|||
| NAT1102 | National Diagnostics | PK50 | EUR 130.8 |
1L DEPC Treated Water |
|||
| NAT1104 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 120 |
Sterling Rapid Silver Stain Kit |
|||
| NAT1106 | National Diagnostics | 1KIT | EUR 265.2 |
1L ProtoBlue Safe |
|||
| NAT1108 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 159.6 |
4L ProtoBlue Safe |
|||
| NAT1110 | National Diagnostics | 4L | EUR 282 |
1L ProtoStain Blue |
|||
| NAT1112 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 164.4 |
25ML Nuclistain |
|||
| NAT1114 | National Diagnostics | 25ML | EUR 128.4 |
450ML AcrylaGel 30% |
|||
| NAT1116 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 128.4 |
1L AcrylaGel 30% |
|||
| NAT1118 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 177.6 |
450ML Bis-AcrylaGel 2% |
|||
| NAT1120 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 98.4 |
1L Bis-AcrylaGel 2% |
|||
| NAT1122 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 111.6 |
450ML UreaGel 29:1 Concentrate |
|||
| NAT1124 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 133.2 |
1L UreaGel 29:1 Concentrate |
|||
| NAT1126 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 183.6 |
UreaGel 29:1 System 1L Kit |
|||
| NAT1128 | National Diagnostics | EACH | EUR 171.6 |
UreaGel 29:1 System 2.2L Kit |
|||
| NAT1130 | National Diagnostics | EACH | EUR 253.2 |
450ML SequaGel UreaGel Concentrate |
|||
| NAT1132 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 126 |
1L SequaGel UreaGel Concentrate |
|||
| NAT1134 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 160.8 |
SequaGel Sequencing System 1L Kit |
|||
| NAT1136 | National Diagnostics | 1KIT | EUR 171.6 |
SequaGel Sequencing System 2.2L Kit |
|||
| NAT1138 | National Diagnostics | EACH | EUR 253.2 |
100ML SequaGel Buffer |
|||
| NAT1140 | National Diagnostics | 100ML | EUR 80.4 |
200ML SequaGel UreaGel Buffer |
|||
| NAT1142 | National Diagnostics | 200ML | EUR 84 |
450ML SequaGel UreaGel-6 |
|||
| NAT1144 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 115.2 |
1L SequaGel UreaGel-6 |
|||
| NAT1146 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 151.2 |
450ML SequaGel UreaGel-8 |
|||
| NAT1148 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 115.2 |
1L SequaGel UreaGel-8 |
|||
| NAT1150 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 151.2 |
450ML SequaGel UreaGel Diluent |
|||
| NAT1152 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 90 |
1L SequaGel UreaGel Diluent |
|||
| NAT1154 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 103.2 |
90ML SequaGel Complete Buffer |
|||
| NAT1156 | National Diagnostics | 90ML | EUR 79.2 |
200ML SequaGel UreaGel Complete Buffer |
|||
| NAT1158 | National Diagnostics | 200ML | EUR 85.2 |
450ML SequaGel XR |
|||
| NAT1160 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 126 |
1L SequaGel XR |
|||
| NAT1162 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 165.6 |
100ML SequaGel XR Concentrate |
|||
| NAT1164 | National Diagnostics | 100ML | EUR 128.4 |
450ML SequaGel XR Concentrate |
|||
| NAT1166 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 361.2 |
200ML SequaGel MD Monomer Solution |
|||
| NAT1168 | National Diagnostics | 200ML | EUR 220.8 |
SequaGel MD SSCP Kit |
|||
| NAT1170 | National Diagnostics | 1KIT | EUR 253.2 |
SequaGel MD Heteroduplex Kit |
|||
| NAT1172 | National Diagnostics | EACH | EUR 265.2 |
1.2ML SequaGel MD SSCP Stop Solution |
|||
| NAT1174 | National Diagnostics | 1.2ML | EUR 85.2 |
450ML AccuGel 19:1 (30%) |
|||
| NAT1176 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 126 |
1L AccuGel 19:1 (30%) |
|||
| NAT1178 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 165.6 |
450ML AccuGel 19:1 (40%) |
|||
| NAT1180 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 130.8 |
1L AccuGel 19:1 (40%) |
|||
| NAT1182 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 168 |
450ML AccuGel 29:1 (30%) |
|||
| NAT1184 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 126 |
1L AccuGel 29:1 (30%) |
|||
| NAT1186 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 165.6 |
450ML AccuGel 29:1 (40%) |
|||
| NAT1188 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 130.8 |
1L AccuGel 29:1 (40%) |
|||
| NAT1190 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 168 |
1.2ML Triple Dye Loading Buffer (6X) |
|||
| NAT1192 | National Diagnostics | 1.2ML | EUR 85.2 |
UreaGel Loading Buffer |
|||
| NAT1194 | National Diagnostics | 10X1ML | EUR 222 |
1L TBE 10X |
|||
| NAT1196 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 98.4 |
4L TBE 10X |
|||
| NAT1198 | National Diagnostics | 4L | EUR 145.2 |
1L TBE 5X |
|||
| NAT1200 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 92.4 |
4L TBE 5X |
|||
| NAT1202 | National Diagnostics | 4L | EUR 111.6 |
25ML TE BUFFER 100X |
|||
| NAT1204 | National Diagnostics | 25ML | EUR 98.4 |
25ML 10X CE Buffer |
|||
| NAT1206 | National Diagnostics | 25ML | EUR 138 |
100ML 10X CE Buffer |
|||
| NAT1208 | National Diagnostics | 100ML | EUR 196.8 |
450ML 20X Tris-MOPS SDS |
|||
| NAT1210 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 130.8 |
450ML 20X Tris-MEPS SDS |
|||
| NAT1212 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 130.8 |
1L Tris-Tricine-SDS PAGE Buffer (10X) |
|||
| NAT1214 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 217.2 |
1L Tris-Glycine-SDS PAGE Buffer (10X) |
|||
| NAT1216 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 105.6 |
4L Tris-Glycine-SDS PAGE Buffer (10X) |
|||
| NAT1218 | National Diagnostics | 4L | EUR 148.8 |
1L TTE Glycerol Tolerant Buffer 20X |
|||
| NAT1220 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 160.8 |
1L TAE Buffer 50X |
|||
| NAT1222 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 148.8 |
1L SSC Buffer 20X |
|||
| NAT1224 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 98.4 |
4L SSC Buffer 20X |
|||
| NAT1226 | National Diagnostics | 4L | EUR 174 |
100ML SDS Solution 20% |
|||
| NAT1228 | National Diagnostics | 100ML | EUR 92.4 |
450ML SDS Solution 20% |
|||
| NAT1230 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 138 |
1L Denaturation Solution |
|||
| NAT1232 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 102 |
1L Neutralization Solution |
|||
| NAT1234 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 102 |
50G Dextran Sulfate |
|||
| NAT1236 | National Diagnostics | 50G | EUR 193.2 |
250G Dextran Sulfate |
|||
| NAT1238 | National Diagnostics | 250G | EUR 524.4 |
1L Tris-Glycine Electroblotting Buffer 10X |
|||
| NAT1240 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 102 |
4L Tris-Glycine Electroblotting Buffer 10X |
|||
| NAT1242 | National Diagnostics | 4L | EUR 145.2 |
1L TBS (10X) Tris Buffered Saline |
|||
| NAT1244 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 126 |
1L TBST (10X) Tris Buffered Saline w/Tween 20 |
|||
| NAT1246 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 126 |
ProtoGel Sample Prep Kit |
|||
| NAT1248 | National Diagnostics | EACH | EUR 223.2 |
Protein Loading Buffer Blue 2X |
|||
| NAT1250 | National Diagnostics | 10X1ML | EUR 105.6 |
Protein Loading Buffer 5X |
|||
| NAT1252 | National Diagnostics | 10X1ML | EUR 151.2 |
50ML Protein Precipitation Kit |
|||
| NAT1254 | National Diagnostics | 50ML | EUR 270 |
100ML ProtoLift Western Strip Buffer |
|||
| NAT1256 | National Diagnostics | 100ML | EUR 121.2 |
450ML ProtoGel (30%) |
|||
| NAT1258 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 136.8 |
1L ProtoGel (30%) |
|||
| NAT1260 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 187.2 |
450ML ProtoGel (40%) |
|||
| NAT1262 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 157.2 |
1L ProtoGel (40%) |
|||
| NAT1264 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 204 |
450ML ProtoGel Resolving Buffer 4X |
|||
| NAT1266 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 100.8 |
1L ProtoGel Resolving Buffer |
|||
| NAT1268 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 128.4 |
200ML ProtoGel Stacking Buffer |
|||
| NAT1270 | National Diagnostics | 200ML | EUR 92.4 |
100ML ProtoGel Quick-Cast 12% |
|||
| NAT1272 | National Diagnostics | 100ML | EUR 105.6 |
450ML ProtoGel Quick-Cast 12% |
|||
| NAT1274 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 223.2 |
0.5ML Insite Markers |
|||
| NAT1276 | National Diagnostics | 0.5ML | EUR 238.8 |
0.5ML ProtoMarkers |
|||
| NAT1278 | National Diagnostics | 0.5ML | EUR 236.4 |
ProtoMetrics |
|||
| NAT1280 | National Diagnostics | EACH | EUR 242.4 |
1L EDTA 0.5M Solution |
|||
| NAT1282 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 183.6 |
1L Sodium Chloride 0.009 Solution |
|||
| NAT1284 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 140.4 |
1L Sodium Chloride 1M Solution |
|||
| NAT1286 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 140.4 |
1L Potassium Chloride 1M Solution |
|||
| NAT1288 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 140.4 |
1L Tris-HCL 1M pH 7.2 |
|||
| NAT1290 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 126 |
1L Tris-HCL 1M pH 7.4 |
|||
| NAT1292 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 126 |
1L Tris-HCL 1M pH 7.6 |
|||
| NAT1294 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 126 |
Histosol |
|||
| NAT1296 | National Diagnostics | EACH | EUR 106.8 |
Histosol |
|||
| NAT1298 | National Diagnostics | EACH | EUR 270 |
Mirskys Fixative (ready-to-use) |
|||
| NAT1300 | National Diagnostics | 1USGALLON | EUR 96 |
Mirskys Fixative (ready-to-use) |
|||
| NAT1302 | National Diagnostics | EACH | EUR 228 |
200ML Mirskys Fixative |
|||
| NAT1304 | National Diagnostics | 200ML | EUR 92.4 |
2L Mirskys Fixative |
|||
| NAT1306 | National Diagnostics | 2L | EUR 134.4 |
100ML Histomount |
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| NAT1308 | National Diagnostics | 100ML | EUR 86.4 |
450ML Histomount |
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| NAT1310 | National Diagnostics | 450ML | EUR 111.6 |
Calci-Clear |
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| NAT1312 | National Diagnostics | EACH | EUR 93.6 |
Calci-Clear |
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| NAT1314 | National Diagnostics | EACH | EUR 153.6 |
Calci-Clear |
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| NAT1316 | National Diagnostics | EACH | EUR 463.2 |
Calci-Clear Rapid |
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| NAT1318 | National Diagnostics | EACH | EUR 90 |
Calci-Clear Rapid |
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| NAT1320 | National Diagnostics | EACH | EUR 153.6 |
Calci-Clear Rapid |
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| NAT1322 | National Diagnostics | EACH | EUR 463.2 |
100ML Hydromount |
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| NAT1324 | National Diagnostics | 100ML | EUR 110.4 |
Neutralin |
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| NAT1326 | National Diagnostics | 5USGALLON | EUR 136.8 |
100ML Omnimount |
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| NAT1328 | National Diagnostics | 100ML | EUR 93.6 |
Histo-Clear |
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| NAT1330 | National Diagnostics | 1 US gallon | EUR 184 |
Histo-Clear |
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| NAT1332 | National Diagnostics | 5 US gallons | EUR 699.6 |
Histo-Clear II |
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| NAT1334 | National Diagnostics | 1 US gallon | EUR 151.2 |
Histo-Clear II |
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| NAT1336 | National Diagnostics | 5 US gallons | EUR 457.2 |
1L HarrisHematoxylin |
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| NAT1338 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 147.6 |
100ML Eosin Solution |
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| NAT1340 | National Diagnostics | 100ML | EUR 106.8 |
1L Scotts Tapwater |
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| NAT1342 | National Diagnostics | 1L | EUR 90 |
25G Alcian Blue |
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| NAT1344 | National Diagnostics | 25G | EUR 194.4 |
25G Biebrich Scarlet |
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| NAT1346 | National Diagnostics | 25G | EUR 144 |
25G Fast Green FCF |
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| NAT1348 | National Diagnostics | 25G | EUR 192 |
25G Basic Fuchsin |
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| NAT1350 | National Diagnostics | 25G | EUR 352.8 |
25G Methylene Blue |
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| NAT1352 | National Diagnostics | 25G | EUR 187.2 |
25G Amido Black 10B |
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| NAT1354 | National Diagnostics | 25G | EUR 176.4 |
5G Bromocresol Green |
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| NAT1356 | National Diagnostics | 5G | EUR 187.2 |
10G Bromophenol Blue |
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| NAT1358 | National Diagnostics | 10G | EUR 169.2 |
10G Coomassie Blue R-250 |
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| NAT1360 | National Diagnostics | 10G | EUR 123.6 |
10G Coomassie Blue G-250 |
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| NAT1362 | National Diagnostics | 10G | EUR 177.6 |
10G Methyl Green |
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| NAT1364 | National Diagnostics | 10G | EUR 211.2 |
5G Pyronin Y |
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| NAT1366 | National Diagnostics | 5G | EUR 261.6 |
25G Xylene Cyanol FF |
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| NAT1368 | National Diagnostics | 25G | EUR 231.6 |
4L Hydrofluor |
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| NAT1370 | National Diagnostics | 4L | EUR 200.4 |
4L Liquiscint |
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| NAT1372 | National Diagnostics | 4L | EUR 168 |
4L Betafluor |
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| NAT1374 | National Diagnostics | 4L | EUR 158.4 |
4L Monofluor |
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| NAT1376 | National Diagnostics | 4L | EUR 234 |
Principal element evaluation exploring the affiliation between antibiotic resistance and heavy steel tolerance of plasmid-bearing sewage wastewater micro organism of scientific relevance
This paper unravels the incidence of plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance in affiliation with tolerance to heavy metals amongst clinically related micro organism remoted from sewage wastewater.
The micro organism remoted had been recognized following standard phenotypic and/or molecular strategies, and had been subjected to multiple-antibiotic resistance (MAR) profiling. The isolates had been examined towards the heavy metals Hg2+, Cd2+, Cr2+ and Cu2+. SDS-PAGE and agarose gel electrophoretic analyses had been carried out, respectively, for the characterization of heavy steel stress protein and R-plasmid among the many remoted micro organism.
Principal element evaluation was utilized in figuring out bacterial resistance to antibiotics and heavy metals. Each lactose-fermenting ( Escherichia coli ) and non-fermenting ( Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas putida ) Gram-negative bacterial strains had been procured, and confirmed MAR phenotypes with respect to 3 or extra antibiotics, together with resistance to the heavy metals Hg2+, Cd2+, Cr2+ and Cu2+.
The Gram-positive micro organism, Enterococcus faecalis , remoted had ‘ampicillin-kanamycin-nalidixic acid’ resistance. The bacterial isolates had MAR indices of 0.3-0.9, indicating their ( E. faecalis , E. coli , A. baumannii and P. putida ) origin from niches with excessive antibiotic air pollution and human faecal contamination.
The Gram-negative micro organism remoted contained a single plasmid (≈54 kb) conferring a number of antibiotic resistance, which was linked to heavy steel tolerance; the SDS-PAGE evaluation demonstrated the expression of heavy steel stress proteins (≈59 and ≈10 kDa) in wastewater micro organism with a Cd2+ stressor.
The examine outcomes grant an perception into the co-occurrence of antibiotic resistance and heavy steel tolerance amongst clinically related micro organism in sewage wastewater, prompting an intense well being impression over antibiotic utilization.
